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Atypical depression, or depression with atypical features as it has been known in the DSM, is depression that shares many of the typical symptoms of the psychiatric syndromes major depression or dysthymia but is characterized by improved mood in response to positive events. In contrast, people with melancholic depression generally do not experience an improved mood in response to normally pleasurable events. Atypical depression also features significant weight gain or an increased appetite, hypersomnia, a heavy sensation in the limbs and interpersonal rejection sensitivity that results in significant social or occupational impairment.〔American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Mood Disorders. In Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.) Washington, DC: Author.〕 Despite its name, "atypical" depression does not mean it is uncommon or unusual.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Atypical depression )〕 The reason for its name is twofold: (1) it was identified with its "unique" symptoms subsequent to the identification of melancholic depression and (2) its responses to the two different classes of antidepressants that were available at the time were different from melancholic depression (i.e., MAOIs had clinically significant benefits for atypical depression, while tricyclics did not). Atypical depression is two to three times more common in women than in men.〔 Individuals with atypical features tend to report an earlier age of onset (e.g. while in high school) in their depressive episode, which also tend to be more chronic〔 and only have partial remission between episodes. Younger individuals may be more likely to have atypical features, whereas older individuals may more often have episodes with melancholic features.〔 Atypical depression has high comorbidity of anxiety disorders, carries more risk of suicidal behavior, and has distinct personality psychopathology and biological traits.〔 Atypical depression is more common in individuals with bipolar I,〔 bipolar II,〔 cyclothymia〔 and seasonal affective disorder.〔 Depressive episodes in bipolar disorder tend to have atypical features,〔 as does depression with seasonal patterns. ==Symptoms== The DSM-IV-TR defines Atypical Depression as a subtype of Major Depressive Disorder with Atypical Features, characterized by: #Mood reactivity (i.e., mood brightens in response to actual or potential positive events) #At least two of the following: # *Significant weight gain or increase in appetite; # *Hypersomnia (sleeping too much, as opposed to the insomnia present in melancholic depression); # *Leaden paralysis (i.e., heavy, leaden feelings in arms or legs); # *Long-standing pattern of interpersonal rejection sensitivity (not limited to episodes of mood disturbance) that results in significant social or occupational impairment. #Criteria are not met for With Melancholic Features or With Catatonic Features during the same episode. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「atypical depression」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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